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Pearl millet genomic vulnerability to climate change in West Africa highlights the need for regional collaboration
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Edité par CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -
Data availability: The raw sequencing data are deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database with the BioProject accession number PRJNA422966. The allele frequency data, the raw phenotypic data, and the climate datasets associated with this paper are publicly available in the Zenodo repository at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.397081566.Code availability: The scripts for the bioinformatics analysis and the custom R code used to perform the analyses are publicly available in the Zenodo repository at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.397081566.. International audience. Climate change is already affecting agro-ecosystems and threatening food security by reducing crop productivity and increasing harvest uncertainty. Mobilizing crop diversity could be an efficient way to mitigate its impact. We test this hypothesis in pearl millet, a nutritious staple cereal cultivated in arid and low-fertility soils in sub-Saharan Africa. We analyze the genomic diversity of 173 landraces collected in West Africa together with an extensive climate dataset composed of metrics of agronomic importance. Mapping the pearl millet genomic vulnerability at the 2050 horizon based on the current genomic-climate relationships, we identify the northern edge of the current areas of cultivation of both early and late flowering varieties as being the most vulnerable to climate change. We predict that the most vulnerable areas will benefit from using landraces that already grow in equivalent climate conditions today. However, such seed-exchange scenarios will require long distance and trans-frontier assisted migrations. Leveraging genetic diversity as a climate mitigation strategy in West Africa will thus require regional collaboration.
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