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Drug-bound and -free outward-facing structures of a multidrug ABC exporter point to a swing mechanism

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Chaptal, Vincent | Zampieri, Veronica | Wiseman, Benjamin | Orelle, Cédric | Martin, Juliette | Nguyen, Kim-Anh | Magnard, Sandrine | Gobet, Alexia | Cesare, Margot Di | Javed, Waqas | Kilburg, Arnaud | Peuchmaur, Marine | Marcoux, Julien | Monticelli, Luca | Högbom, Martin | Jault, Jean-Michel | Boumendjel, Ahcène | Falson, Pierre

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Abstract Multidrug ABC transporters translocate drugs across membranes by a mechanism for which the molecular features of drug release are so far unknown. Here, we resolved two ATP-Mg 2+ -bound outward-facing (OF) conformations of the Bacillus subtilis (homodimeric) BmrA, one by X-ray crystallography without drug, and another by single-particle cryo-EM with rhodamine 6G (R6G). Two R6G molecules bind to the drug-binding cavity at the level of the outer leaflet, between transmembrane (TM) helices 1-2 of one monomer and TM5’-6’ of the other. R6G induces a rearrangement of TM1-2, highlighting a flexibility that was confirmed by H/D exchange and molecular dynamics simulations. The latter also shows a fast post-release occlusion of the cavity driven by hydrophobicity. Altogether, these data support a new swing mechanism for drug transport.

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