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The Silene latifolia genome and its giant Y chromosome
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Edité par CCSD ; American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) -
Data and materials availability: Sequencing data (long reads, short reads, and Omni-C datasets), genome assembly, and annotation are available under the project PRJNA1132743 on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). All analyses and pipelines to generate figures are available on GitHub (https://github.com/Silene-genome/genome-paper) and Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14434538.. International audience. In many species with sex chromosomes, the Y is a tiny chromosome. However, the dioecious plant Silene latifolia has a giant ~550-megabase Y chromosome, which has remained unsequenced so far. We used a long- and short-read hybrid approach to obtain a high-quality male genome. Comparative analysis of the sex chromosomes with their homologs in outgroups showed that the Y is highly rearranged and degenerated. Recombination suppression between X and Y extended in several steps and triggered a massive accumulation of repeats on the Y as well as in the nonrecombining pericentromeric region of the X, leading to giant sex chromosomes. Using sex phenotype mutants, we identified candidate sex-determining genes on the Y in locations consistent with their favoring recombination suppression events 11 and 5 million years ago.
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