Metabolic signature of (13)C-labeled wheat bran consumption related to gut fermentation in humans: a pilot study

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Meiller, L. | Sauvinet, V. | Breyton, A. E. | Ranaivo, H. | Machon, C. | Mialon, A. | Meynier, A. | Bischoff, S. C. | Walter, J. | Neyrinck, A. M. | Laville, M. | Delzenne, N. M. | Vinoy, S. | Nazare, J. A.

Edité par CCSD ; Springer Verlag -

International audience. PURPOSE: The aim of this pilot study was to analyze concomitantly the kinetics of production of (13)C-labeled gut-derived metabolites from (13)C-labeled wheat bran in three biological matrices (breath, plasma, stools), in order to assess differential fermentation profiles among subjects. METHODS: Six healthy women consumed a controlled breakfast containing (13)C-labeled wheat bran biscuits. H(2), CH(4) and (13)CO(2), (13)CH(4) 24 h-concentrations in breath were measured, respectively, by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS). Plasma and fecal concentrations of (13)C-short-chain fatty acids (linear SCFAs: acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate; branched SCFAs: isobutyrate, isovalerate) were quantified using GC-combustion-IRMS. Gut microbiota composition was assessed by16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. RESULTS: H(2) and CH(4) 24 h-kinetics distinguished two groups in terms of fermentation-related gas excretion: high-CH(4) producers vs low-CH(4) producers (fasting concentrations: 45.3 ± 13.6 ppm vs 6.5 ± 3.6 ppm). Expired (13)CH(4) was enhanced and prolonged in high-CH(4) producers compared to low-CH(4) producers. The proportion of plasma and stool (13)C-butyrate tended to be higher in low-CH(4) producers, and inversely for (13)C-acetate. Plasma branched SCFAs revealed different kinetics of apparition compared to linear SCFAs. CONCLUSION: This pilot study allowed to consider novel procedures for the development of biomarkers revealing dietary fiber-gut microbiota interactions. The non-invasive assessment of exhaled gas following (13)C-labeled fibers ingestion enabled to decipher distinct fermentation profiles: high-CH(4) producers vs low-CH(4) producers. The isotope labeling permits a specific in vivo characterisation of the dietary fiber impact consumption on microbiota metabolite production. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been registered under the number NCT03717311 at ClinicalTrials.gov on October 24, 2018.

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