Extracellular vesicles in goat milk powders and whole goat milk infant formula carry miRNAs.

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Leroux, Christine | Krupova, Zuzana | Ye, Tao | Faulconnier, Yannick | Bes, Sébastien | Reyre, Melissa | Duhec, Emmanuelle | Martin, Patrice | Gallier, Sophie

Edité par CCSD -

International audience. Milk-derived extracellular vesicles (mEVs) play an essential role, via their microRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate the expression of over 60% of genes influencing many cellular processes. mEVs can be absorbed by intestinal cells, suggesting their influence on infant development. This study aimed to investigate the presence of mEVs and miRNAs from New Zealand goat milk powders (GMP) and derived whole goat milk infant formulas (IF). EVs were obtained after reconstitution of whole and skimmed GMP and goat IF, and fractionation performed using qEV-SEC column. EVs were analyzed using TEM, Bradford protein assay, and NTA. RNAs were extracted using mirVana Kit with Trizol LS. RNA-Seq data were analyzed using miRDeep2 and differential abundance of microRNAs (DAMs) detected using DESeq2. GMP contained between 1.56 and 6.63x109 mEVs/mL of reconstituted milk, ranging in size from 136.8 to 160.6nm. We identified 351 miRNAs constituting the GMP miRNome with 89% of miRNAs in common with the raw goat milk miRNome. The top 20 miRNAs from GMP, bovine and human milk presented 10 common miRNAs including two highly abundant in GMP. We observed 14 DAMs between whole and skimmed GMP including four highly abundant involved in the regulation of metabolism and apoptosis. In addition, despite EVs isolation difficulties resulting in low RNA-Seq read counts, we identified, for the first time, miRNAs in goat IF. Identification of mEV miRNAs in GMP and IF as well as their potential influence on infant development highlights the need to further study on the bioavailability and bioactivity of mEV miRNAs from IF.

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