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The value of flower strips for the biological control of aphid vectors of sugar beet yellows
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Alternatives aux néonicotinoïdes Rendu des projets réunissant des contributions des projets scientifiques d'Ecophyto et du Plan National de Recherche et Innovation-betterave avec, selon les projets, les soutiens financiers de l'Office français de la biodiversité (OFB), l’Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRAE) et de l'Institut technique de la betterave (ITB).. International audience. The ban on neonicotinoids makes it compulsory to implement alternative strategies for the management of aphids that carry sugar beet yellows. The installation of flower strips near crops could contribute to a better biological regulation of aphids by favouring their natural enemies through the provision of food resources (nectar, pollen, alternative prey etc.) and habitat. The analysis of 58 studies devoted to flower strips in field crops confirms their capacity to increase the abundance of parasitoids or predators and to reduce pest infestations. A second corpus of 32 articles provides a first, obviously incomplete, list of natural enemies of the main aphid vectors of beet yellows. Among the factors influencing the effectiveness of a flower strip on biological control, the specific composition of the mixture and the floral traits of the species that make it up are decisive. The influence of the landscape and climatic contexts has been little discussed so far. The results collected from the literature seem to indicate that the composition of the flower strips to be recommended in sugar beet crops could differ between temperate or oceanic climates and continental climates. Fieldwork is still needed to assess the relevance of the flower strip approach to the management of yellows.
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