Growth–defence trade-off in rice: fast-growing and acquisitive genotypes have lower expression of genes involved in immunity

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de Tombeur, Félix | Pélissier, Rémi | Shihan, Ammar | Rahajaharilaza, Koloina | Fort, Florian | Mahaut, Lucie | Lemoine, Taïna | Thorne, Sarah, J | Hartley, Sue, E | Luquet, Delphine | Fabre, Denis | Lambers, Hans | Morel, Jean Benoît | Ballini, Elsa | Violle, Cyrille

Edité par CCSD ; Oxford University Press (OUP) -

All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and within its supplementary data published online.A correction has been published: Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 75, Issue 13, 10 July 2024, Page 4165, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae268.In the published version of this article, there is an error in the following sentence in the Abstract, whereby the term “live-fast” should have been given as “live-slow”: “Live-fast genotypes exhibited greater expression of OsNPR1, a regulator of the salicylic acid pathway that promotes plant defence while suppressing plant growth.” This sentence should, therefore, read: “Live-slow genotypes exhibited greater expression of OsNPR1, a regulator of the salicylic acid pathway that promotes plant defence while suppressing plant growth.”This has been corrected only in this correction notice to preserve the published version of record.. International audience. Plant ecologists and molecular biologists have long considered the hypothesis of a trade-off between plant growth and defence separately. In particular, how genes thought to control the growth–defence trade-off at the molecular level relate to trait-based frameworks in functional ecology, such as the slow–fast plant economics spectrum, is unknown. We grew 49 phenotypically diverse rice genotypes in pots under optimal conditions and measured growth-related functional traits and the constitutive expression of 11 genes involved in plant defence. We also quantified the concentration of silicon (Si) in leaves to estimate silica-based defences. Rice genotypes were aligned along a slow–fast continuum, with slow-growing, late-flowering genotypes versus fast-growing, early-flowering genotypes. Leaf dry matter content and leaf Si concentrations were not aligned with this axis and negatively correlated with each other. Live-fast genotypes exhibited greater expression of OsNPR1, a regulator of the salicylic acid pathway that promotes plant defence while suppressing plant growth. These genotypes also exhibited greater expression of SPL7 and GH3.2, which are also involved in both stress resistance and growth. Our results do not support the hypothesis of a growth–defence trade-off when leaf Si and leaf dry matter content are considered, but they do when hormonal pathway genes are considered. We demonstrate the benefits of combining ecological and molecular approaches to elucidate the growth–defence trade-off, opening new avenues for plant breeding and crop science.

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