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The EEG score is diagnostic of continuous spike and waves during sleep (CSWS) syndrome
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International audience. Epileptic encephalopathy (EE) with continuous spike and waves during sleep (CSWS) is a focal epilepsy syndrome of childhood characterised by the combination of regression in cognitive functioning and a characteristic electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern that may complicate self-limited focal epilepsies (SFE) and focal epilepsies secondary to a structural brain lesion (Van Bogaert, 2013). Although several indices have been developed to calculate the intensity of epileptic activity, there is no consensus to determine what is the best index nor from which cut-off EE-CSWS can be differentiated from uncomplicated focal epilepsy. In a previous retrospective case-control study based on the analysis of different awake EEG indices including 15 patients with EE-CSWS and 15 age- and sex-matched patients with typical SFE, we demonstrated that the qualitative EEG score on an awake EEG differentiated EE-CSWS at the time of cognitive worsening from typical SFE (Aeby et al. 2021). The goal of the current study is to identify, in the same population of the aforementioned study, which quantitative or qualitative indices in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep can differentiate EE-CSWS from typical SFE.
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