Combining High-Pressure NMR and Geometrical Sampling to Obtain a Full Topological Description of Protein Folding Landscapes: Application to the Folding of Two MAX Effectors from Magnaporthe oryzae

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Dubois, Cécile | Lahfa, Mounia | Pissarra, Joana | de Guillen, Karine | Barthe, Philippe | Kroj, Thomas | Roumestand, Christian | Padilla, André

Edité par CCSD ; MDPI -

International audience. Despite advances in experimental and computational methods, the mechanisms by which an unstructured polypeptide chain regains its unique three-dimensional structure remains one of the main puzzling questions in biology. Single-molecule techniques, ultra-fast perturbation and detection approaches and improvement in all-atom and coarse-grained simulation methods have greatly deepened our understanding of protein folding and the effects of environmental factors on folding landscape. However, a major challenge remains the detailed characterization of the protein folding landscape. Here, we used high hydrostatic pressure 2D NMR spectroscopy to obtain high-resolution experimental structural information in a site-specific manner across the polypeptide sequence and along the folding reaction coordinate. We used this residue-specific information to constrain Cyana3 calculations, in order to obtain a topological description of the entire folding landscape. This approach was used to describe the conformers populating the folding landscape of two small globular proteins, AVR-Pia and AVR-Pib, that belong to the structurally conserved but sequence-unrelated MAX effectors superfamily. Comparing the two folding landscapes, we found that, in spite of their divergent sequences, the folding pathway of these two proteins involves a similar, inescapable, folding intermediate, even if, statistically, the routes used are different.

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