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RORalpha-expressing T regulatory cells restrain allergic skin inflammation
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Edité par CCSD ; American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) -
Atopic dermatitis is an allergic inflammatory skin disease characterized by the production of the type 2 cytokines in the skin by type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and T helper 2 (TH2) cells, and tissue eosinophilia. Using two distinct mouse models of atopic dermatitis, we show that expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor alpha (RORalpha) in skin-resident T regulatory cells (Tregs) is important for restraining allergic skin inflammation. In both models, targeted deletion of RORalpha in mouse Tregs led to exaggerated eosinophilia driven by interleukin-5 (IL-5) production by ILC2s and TH2 cells. Expression of RORalpha in skin-resident Tregs suppressed IL-4 expression and enhanced expression of death receptor 3 (DR3), which is the receptor for tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family cytokine, TNF ligand-related molecule 1 (TL1A), which promotes Treg functions. DR3 is expressed on both ILC2s and skin-resident Tregs Upon deletion of RORalpha in skin-resident Tregs, we found that Tregs were no longer able to sequester TL1A, resulting in enhanced ILC2 activation. We also documented higher expression of RORalpha in skin-resident Tregs than in peripheral blood circulating Tregs in humans, suggesting that RORalpha and the TL1A-DR3 circuit could be therapeutically targeted in atopic dermatitis.
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