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Intra-erythrocyte chromium as an indicator of exposure to hexavalent chromium: An in vivo evaluation in intravenous administered rat. Évaluation du chrome dans les globules rouges comme un indicateur d'exposition au chrome hexavalent : une évaluation in vivo chez le rat administré par voie intraveineuse
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International audience. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) compounds are classified as carcinogenic to humans. Whereas chromium measurements in urine and plasma attest to the last few hours of total chromium exposure (all oxidation states of chromium), chromium in red blood cells (RBC) is attributable specifically to Cr(VI) exposure over the last few days. Before recommending Cr in RBC (CrIE) as a biological indicator of Cr(VI) exposure, in vivo studies must be undertaken to assess its reliability. The present study examines the kinetics of Cr(VI) in rat after a single intravenous dose of ammonium dichromate. Chromium levels were measured in plasma, red blood cells and urine. The decay of the chromium concentration in plasma is one-phase-like but still measurable two days post injection. The excretion of urinary chromium peaks between five and six hours after injection and shows large variations. Intra-erythrocyte chromium (CrIE) was measured in 300 µL blood samples and was very constant up to a minimum of 2 days. Finally, Cr(III) does not interfere with Cr(VI) incorporation in RBC.On the basis of our results, we conclude that, unlike urinary chromium, chromium levels in RBC are indicative of the amount of dichromate (Cr(VI)) in blood.
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