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Pig as a model to understand the cellular immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis and suis infections
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Edité par CCSD -
International audience. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections cause serious diseases including infertility and trachoma. A vaccine against CT is not available but urgently needed. A recent study shows that pigs could serve as an affordable and relevant pre-clinical animal model but the porcine cellular immune response to the disease is poorly understood. Therefore, our aim was to establish a comprehensive analysis of porcine chlamydia-specific T-cell subsets. Pigs were synchronized and infected in standing estrus with 10^8 IFUs C. suis (CS) or CT intra-vaginally and intra-uterine. Then they were clinically monitored, and serum, swabs and blood were taken to analyse the humoral immune response, detect chlamydia, analyse immune cell counts and for PBMC isolation. Chlamydia-specific CD4+ T cells, CTLs, and gamma-delta-T cells were detected after in vitro restimulation of CFSE-labelled PBMC via flow cytometry while cytokine production was analysed via multiplex. Clinical scores, qPCR and serology confirm CS and CT infection with gross pathological changes in 3/4 CS-infected and 2/4 CT-infected animals. Proliferation analyses showed a chlamydia-specific CD4+ T-cell response while CTLs and gamma-delta-T cells responded less effectively. Multiplex analyses revealed IFNg and IL17 indicating a strong TH1 and TH17 responses. We incorporated recent advances regarding porcine toolbox to analyse the chlamydia-specific cellular immune response demonstrating the important role of a TH1 response upon in vivo CT infection of pigs. With the ability to comprehensively analyse not only the humoral but also the cellular responses, pigs can now serve as a relevant animal-model in chlamydia vaccine development bridging the gap between mice and primates
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