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Participatory plant breeding methods for organic cereals : review and perspectives
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Edité par CCSD ; Louis Bolk Institute -
Correspondance: desclaux@supagro.inra.fr. International audience. Formal breeding methods were not always suitable to address the very large diversity of both environmentalconditions and end-user needs. Both were frequently encountered either in marginal areas of developingcountries or in organic farms of EEC. Participatory plant breeding (PPB) methods represent alternatives aimed toimprove local adaptation breeding, to promote genetic diversity, to empower farmers and rural communities. Theterm PPB refers to a set of breeding methods usually distinguished by the objectives (functionnal or processapproach), institutional context (farmer-led or formal-led), forms of interaction between farmers and breeders(consultative, collaborative or collegial), location of breeding (centralized or decentralized), stage of farmersparticipation in the breeding scheme (participatory varietal selection or participatory plant breeding)…Among all these methods, the best strategies for organic breeding and their impacts on breeding techniques arediscussed. A PPB program actually conducted at INRA – Montpellier (F), involves the whole organic durumwheat interprofessional organization, from farmers to consumers. It is used to assess the interest of amultidisciplinary approach and to discuss the role of each participant in such program. Must participation beseen as a means towards an end or an end in itself?
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