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Occurrence of 30 trace elements in foods from a multi-centre Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study: Focus on Al, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb
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ISI Document Delivery No.: JQ4GU Times Cited: 1 Cited Reference Count: 39 Jitaru, Petru Ingenbleek, Luc Marchond, Nathalie Laurent, Clemence Adegboye, Abimbola Hossou, Setondji Epiphane Kone, Abdoulaye Zie Oyedele, Awoyinka Dada Kisito, Chabi Sika K. J. Dembele, Yara Koreissi Eyangoh, Sara Verger, Philippe Le Bizec, Bruno Leblanc, Jean-Charles Guerin, Thierry Ingenbleek, Luc/0000-0001-9100-1460 Standard and Trade Development Facility (STDF)Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF) [STDF/PG/303] The project was funded by the Standard and Trade Development Facility (STDF) under grant STDF/PG/303. We would like to remember the late Marie Madeleine Gimou, the initiator of this study. Many thanks also to FAO staff (Renata Clarke, Markus Lipp, Caroline Merten, Blaise Ouattara, Jean Kamanzi, Sekou Hebie, and Alex Nyarko) who supported the Total diet study at various stages of its submission and implementation. The CPC management and various heads of national coordinating institutions of the participating countries, ABSSA (Benin), ANSSA (Mali), and NAFDAC (Nigeria), contributed to the success of this project. The scientific committee members, who provided guidance and validation of the methodology with their valuable experience of implementing total diet studies, are Katie Egan, Peter Furst, Adam Probert, Siswanto, and Christina Tlustos. We are extremely grateful for their support. 1 3 Pergamon-elsevier science ltd Oxford 1873-6750 B. International audience. This paper reports occurrence data related to 30 trace elements in food composite samples from a multi-regional Sub-Saharan Africa Total Diet Study. Herein, 2700 samples grouped in 225 food composite samples corresponding to 13 food groups: cereals, tubers, legumes, vegetables, fruits, nuts/seeds, meat, eggs, fish, milk/dairy, oil/fats, and beverages from eight locations in four countries, namely Benin (Littoral/Borgou), Cameroon (Duala/North), Mali (Bamako/Sikasso), and Nigeria (Lagos/Kano) were prepared as consumed, pooled, and analysed using a validated method based on inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The occurrence data for Al, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb as regulated by the Codex Alimentarius are discussed herein. Although the levels of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were above the limit of quantification, they were below the maximum limits set by the Codex in most samples analysed. A distinct feature was observed for cereals and tubers, as they were mostly contaminated with Al and Pb. A pilot study regarding the impact of using artisanal cookware (made from recycled aluminium) on the contamination of food samples was performed. Relevant contamination with Al and Pb when cooking tomato samples from Cameroon and Nigeria using artisanal aluminium cookware was compared to that when cooked using stainless-steel.
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