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Phytoene and Phytofluene Isolated from a Tomato Extract are Readily Incorporated in Mixed Micelles and Absorbed by Caco-2 Cells, as Compared to Lycopene, and SR-BI is Involved in their Cellular Uptake
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Edité par CCSD ; Wiley-VCH Verlag -
International audience. Absorption mechanisms of (PT) and phytofluene (PTF) are poorly known. Our main objectives were to measure their micellization and intestinal cell uptake efficiencies, and to compare them to that of commonly consumed carotenoids. Other objectives were to assess the involvement of protein(s) in their cellular uptake and whether they compete with other carotenoids for micellization and cellular uptake.Methods and results:Tomato extract purified PT and PTF, mainly present as cis-isomers, were much better incorporated in synthetic mixed micelles than pure all-translycopene. PT impaired lycopene micellization (-56%, P<0.05) while PT and PTF did not significantly affect micellization of other carotenoids, and vice versa. At low concentration, Caco-2 PTF uptake was higher (P< 0.05) than that of PT and lycopene (29%, 21% and not detectable). SR-BI, but not CD36 neither NPC1L1, was involved in PT and PTF uptake. PT and PTF impaired (P< 0.05) β-carotene uptake (-13 and -22%, respectively). Conclusions: The high bioaccessibility of PT and PTF can be partly explained by their high micellization efficiency, which is likely due to their natural cis-isomerization and/or to their high molecular flexibility. SR-BI is involved in their cellular uptake, which can explain competitions with other carotenoids.
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