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Increase of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prevalence in pig herds in France. Augmentation de la prévalence de Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méticilline dans les élevages de porcs en France
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National audience. Staphylococcus aureus is a well-known bacterium, commonly isolated from the skin of human and animals, that may also be responsible for mild-to-severe infections. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is particularly monitored in healthcare facilities, where they account for 14 % of the S. aureus strains in France. Since the mid-2000s, a particular MRSA clone, ST398 (MLST typing), has been strongly related to animals and especially pigs, with reports of transmission and sometimes infections to humans in contact with them. In 2008, in a European Union (EU)-wide baseline survey, 27 % of EU pig herds on average tested positive to MRSA, with a lower prevalence in France (3 %). The objective of the present study was to assess MRSA prevalence in pig herds in France in 2021 using a similar methodology. In each of the 76 participating pig herds, five dust swabs were collected. They were subsequently pooled in enrichment broth and, after incubation, isolated on a chromogenic medium in the laboratory. The typical colonies were confirmed as MRSA by PCR. MRSA was found in 33 pig herds (43.4%), and all 23 of the sequenced strains were ST398, with 5 different spa-types: t011 (n = 12), t034 (n = 7), t571 (n = 2), t899 (n = 1) and t3041 (n = 1). This study demonstrates a significant increase in MRSA prevalence in French pig herds from 3 % to more than 40 % from 2008 to 2021.
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