Molecular Characterization of Dengue Type 2 Outbreak in Pacific Islands Countries and Territories, 2017–2020

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Inizan, Catherine | O'Connor, Olivia | Worwor, George | Cabemaiwai, Talica | Grignon, Jean-Claude | Girault, Dominique | Minier, Marine | Prot, Matthieu | Ballan, Valentine | Pakoa, George Junior | Grangeon, Jean-Paul | Guyant, Philippe | Lepers, Christelle | Faktaufon, Daniel | Sahukhan, Aalisha | Merilles, Onofre Edwin, Jr. | Gourinat, Ann-Claire | Simon-Loriere, Etienne | Dupont-Rouzeyrol, Myrielle

Edité par CCSD ; MDPI -

International audience. Dengue virus (DENV) serotype-2 was detected in the South Pacific region in 2014 for the first time in 15 years. In 2016-2020, DENV-2 re-emerged in French Polynesia, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia, co-circulating with and later replacing DENV-1. In this context, epidemiological and molecular evolution data are paramount to decipher the diffusion route of this DENV-2 in the South Pacific region. In the current work, the E gene from 23 DENV-2 serum samples collected in Vanuatu, Fiji, Wallis and Futuna, and New Caledonia was sequenced. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were performed. While all DENV-2 strains sequenced belong to the Cosmopolitan genotype, phylogenetic analysis suggests at least three different DENV-2 introductions in the South Pacific between 2017 and 2020. Strains retrieved in these Pacific Islands Countries and Territories (PICTs) in 2017-2020 are phylogenetically related, with strong phylogenetic links between strains retrieved from French PICTs. These phylogenetic data substantiate epidemiological data of the DENV-2 diffusion pattern between these countries.

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