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Fungal Chitin Induces Trained Immunity in Human Monocytes during Cross-talk of the Host with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Edité par CCSD ; American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology -
This research was originally published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. Lisa Rizzetto, Daniela C. Ifrim, Silvia Moretti, Noemi Tocci, Shih-Chin Cheng, Jessica Quintin, Giorgia Renga, Vasilis Oikonomou, Carlotta De Filippo, Tobias Weil, Bastiaan A. Blok, Marcello S. Lenucci, Manuel A. S. Santos, Luigina Romani, Mihai G. Netea, and Duccio Cavalieri. Fungal Chitin Induces Trained Immunity in Human Monocytes during Cross-talk of the Host with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 2016 291: 7961-7972 © the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. International audience. The immune system is essential to maintain the mutualistic homeostatic interaction between the host and its micro- and mycobiota. Living as a commensal,Saccharomyces cerevisiaecould potentially shape the immune response in a significant way. We observed thatS. cerevisiaecells induce trained immunity in monocytes in a strain-dependent manner through enhanced TNFα and IL-6 production upon secondary stimulation with TLR ligands, as well as bacterial and fungal commensals. Differential chitin content accounts for the differences in training properties observed among strains, driving induction of trained immunity by increasing cytokine production and direct antimicrobial activity bothin vitroandin vivo These chitin-induced protective properties are intimately associated with its internalization, identifying a critical role of phagosome acidification to facilitate microbial digestion. This study reveals how commensal and passenger microorganisms could be important in promoting health and preventing mucosal diseases by modulating host defense toward pathogens and thus influencing the host microbiota-immune system interactions.
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