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HIV-1 Nef-induced upregulation of DC-SIGN in dendritic cells promotes lymphocyte clustering and viral spread.

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Sol-Foulon, Nathalie | Moris, Arnaud | Nobile, Cinzia | Boccaccio, Claire | Engering, Anneke | Abastado, Jean-Pierre | Heard, Jean-Michel | van Kooyk, Yvette | Schwartz, Olivier

Edité par CCSD ; Elsevier -

International audience. DC-SIGN, a dendritic cell (DC)-specific lectin, mediates clustering of DCs with T lymphocytes, a crucial event in the initiation of immune responses. DC-SIGN also binds HIV envelope glycoproteins, allowing efficient virus capture by DCs. We show here that DC-SIGN surface levels are upregulated in HIV-1-infected DCs. This process is caused by the viral protein Nef, which acts by inhibiting DC-SIGN endocytosis. Upregulation of DC-SIGN at the cell surface dramatically increases clustering of DCs with T lymphocytes and HIV-1 transmission. These results provide new insights into how HIV-1 spreads from DCs to T lymphocytes and manipulates immune responses. They help explain how Nef may act as a virulence factor in vivo.

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