Short report: Contribution of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to follow-up of visceral leishmaniasis patients treated with meglumine antimoniate.

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Aoun, Karim | Chouihi, Emira | Amri, Fethi | Ben Alaya, Nissaf | Raies, Ali | Mary, Charles | Bouratbine, Aida

Edité par CCSD ; American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene -

International audience. Forty-two patients with visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia were treated with meglumine antimoniate and followed-up for clinical improvement and blood parasite load determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Parasite loads before treatment ranged from 27 to 5.3 x 10(7) parasites/mL. At the end of treatment, parasite load decreased significantly in 39 cured patients (P < 0.001). The decrease in parasite load after treatment was greater than 99% for 34 patients and PCR results became negative in 23 of them. Two patients without clinical improvement showed no or slight decreases in parasite load (209 versus 202 parasites/mL and 1,765 versus 146 parasites/mL). One patient showed had a relapse seven months after showing a good response to treatment. His parasitemia remained high despite a sharp decrease (5.2 x 10(5) versus 5.9 x 10(3) parasites/mL).

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