Exploratory study of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and age of onset of bipolar disorder
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Bauer, Michael | Glenn, Tasha | Achtyes, Eric, D | Alda, Martin | Agaoglu, Esen | Altınbaş, Kürsat | Andreassen, Ole, A | Angelopoulos, Elias | Ardau, Raffaella | Aydin, Memduha | Ayhan, Yavuz | Baethge, Christopher | Bauer, Rita | Baune, Bernhard, T | Balaban, Ceylan | Becerra-Palars, Claudia | Behere, Aniruddh, P | Behere, Prakash, B | Belete, Habte | Belete, Tilahun | Belizario, Gabriel, Okawa | Bellivier, Frank | Belmaker, Robert, H | Benedetti, Francesco | Berk, Michael | Bersudsky, Yuly | Bicakci, Şule | Birabwa-Oketcho, Harriet | Bjella, Thomas, D | Brady, Conan | Cabrera, Jorge | Cappucciati, Marco | Castro, Angela, Marianne Paredes | Chen, Wei-Ling | Cheung, Eric, y W | Chiesa, Silvia | Crowe, Marie | Cuomo, Alessandro | Dallaspezia, Sara | del Zompo, Maria | Desai, Pratikkumar | Dodd, Seetal | Etain, Bruno | Fagiolini, Andrea | Fellendorf, Frederike, T | Ferensztajn-Rochowiak, Ewa | Fiedorowicz, Jess, G | Fountoulakis, Kostas, N | Frye, Mark, A | Geoffroy, Pierre, A | Gitlin, Michael, J | Gonzalez-Pinto, Ana | Gottlieb, John, F | Grof, Paul | Haarman, Bartholomeus, C M | Harima, Hirohiko | Hasse-Sousa, Mathias | Henry, Chantal | Hoffding, Lone | Houenou, Josselin | Imbesi, Massimiliano | Isometsä, Erkki, T | Ivkovic, Maja | Janno, Sven | Johnsen, Simon | Kapczinski, Flávio | Karakatsoulis, Gregory, N | Kardell, Mathias | Kessing, Lars, Vedel | Kim, Seong, Jae | König, Barbara | Kot, Timur, L | Koval, Michael | Kunz, Mauricio | Lafer, Beny | Landén, Mikael | Larsen, Erik, R | Lenger, Melanie | Licht, Rasmus, W | Lopez-Jaramillo, Carlos | Mackenzie, Alan | Madsen, Helle, Østergaard | Madsen, Simone, Alberte Kongstad A | Mahadevan, Jayant | Mahardika, Agustine | Manchia, Mirko | Marsh, Wendy | Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, Monica | Martini, Julia | Martiny, Klaus | Mashima, Yuki | Mcloughlin, Declan, M | Meesters, Ybe | Melle, Ingrid | Meza-Urzúa, Fátima | Mikolas, Pavol | Mok, Yee, Ming | Monteith, Scott | Moorthy, Muthukumaran | Morken, Gunnar | Mosca, Enrica | Mozzhegorov, Anton, A | Munoz, Rodrigo | Mythri, Starlin, V | Nacef, Fethi | Nadella, Ravi, K | Nakanotani, Takako | Nielsen, René, Ernst | O’donovan, Claire | Omrani, Adel | Osher, Yamima | Ouali, Uta | Pantovic-Stefanovic, Maja | Pariwatcharakul, Pornjira | Petite, Joanne | Petzold, Johannes | Pfennig, Andrea | Ruiz, Yolanda, Pica | Pinna, Marco | Pompili, Maurizio | Porter, Richard, J | Quiroz, Danilo | Rabelo-Da-Ponte, Francisco, Diego | Ramesar, Raj | Rasgon, Natalie | Ratta-Apha, Woraphat | Ratzenhofer, Michaela | Redahan, Maria | Reddy, M, S | Reif, Andreas | Reininghaus, Eva, Z | Richards, Jenny, Gringer | Ritter, Philipp | Rybakowski, Janusz, K | Sathyaputri, Leela | Scippa, Angela, M | Simhandl, Christian | Smith, Daniel | Smith, José | Stackhouse, Paul, W | Stein, Dan, J | Stilwell, Kellen | Strejilevich, Sergio | Su, Kuan-Pin | Subramaniam, Mythily | Sulaiman, Ahmad, Hatim | Suominen, Kirsi | Tanra, Andi, J | Tatebayashi, Yoshitaka | Teh, Wen, Lin | Tondo, Leonardo | Torrent, Carla | Tuinstra, Daniel | Uchida, Takahito | Vaaler, Arne, E | Vieta, Eduard | Viswanath, Biju | Yoldi-Negrete, Maria | Yalcinkaya, Oguz, Kaan | Young, Allan, H | Zgueb, Yosra | Whybrow, Peter, C
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CCSD ; Springer Open -
International audience.
Background: Sunlight contains ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation that triggers the production of vitamin D by skin. Vitamin D has widespread effects on brain function in both developing and adult brains. However, many people live at latitudes (about > 40 N or S) that do not receive enough UVB in winter to produce vitamin D. This exploratory study investigated the association between the age of onset of bipolar I disorder and the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production in a large global sample.Methods: Data for 6972 patients with bipolar I disorder were obtained at 75 collection sites in 41 countries in both hemispheres. The best model to assess the relation between the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production and age of onset included 1 or more months below the threshold, family history of mood disorders, and birth cohort. All coefficients estimated at P ≤ 0.001.Results: The 6972 patients had an onset in 582 locations in 70 countries, with a mean age of onset of 25.6 years. Of the onset locations, 34.0% had at least 1 month below the threshold for UVB sufficient for vitamin D production. The age of onset at locations with 1 or more months of less than or equal to the threshold for UVB was 1.66 years younger.Conclusion: UVB and vitamin D may have an important influence on the development of bipolar disorder. Study limitations included a lack of data on patient vitamin D levels, lifestyles, or supplement use. More study of the impacts of UVB and vitamin D in bipolar disorder is needed to evaluate this supposition.
