LC3B conjugation machinery promotes autophagy-independent HIV-1 entry in CD4 + T lymphocytes. La machinerie de conjugaison de LC3B favorise l'entrée du VIH-1 dans les lymphocytes T CD4+ indépendamment de l'autophagie

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Pradel, Baptiste | Cantaloube, Guilhem | Villares, Marie | Deffieu, Maika, S | Robert-Hebmann, Véronique | Lucansky, Vincent | Faure, Mathias | Chazal, Nathalie | Gaudin, Raphaël | Espert, Lucile

Edité par CCSD ; Taylor & Francis -

International audience. HIV-1 entry into CD4 + T lymphocytes relies on the viral and cellular membranes' fusion, leading to viral capsid delivery in the target cell cytoplasm. Atg8/LC3B conjugation to lipids, process named Atg8ylation mainly studied in the context of macroautophagy/autophagy, occurs transiently in the early stages of HIV-1 replication in CD4 + T lymphocytes. Despite numerous studies investigating the HIV-1-autophagy interplays, the Atg8ylation impact in these early stages of infection remains unknown. Here we found that HIV-1 exposure leads to the rapid LC3B enrichment towards the target cell plasma membrane, in close proximity with the incoming viral particles. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Atg8ylation is a key event facilitating HIV-1 entry in target CD4 + T cells. Interestingly, this effect is independent of canonical autophagy as ATG13 silencing does not prevent HIV-1 entry. Together, our results provide an unconventional role of LC3B conjugation subverted by HIV-1 to achieve a critical step of its replication cycle.

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