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Short communication: Bifidobacterium abundance in the faecal microbiota is strongly associated with milk traits in dairy cattle
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Edité par CCSD ; Published by Elsevier (since 2021) / Cambridge University Press (until 2020) -
International audience. The performance of dairy cows is influenced by the microbial communities hosted within their digestivetract. While the rumen microbiota has long been associated with host phenotypes, the impact of the fae-cal microbiota remains elusive. In this study, we collected 697 faecal samples from commercial Holsteincows and analysed them with 16S rRNA gene analyses. For each animal, routinely recorded data, i.e., milkyield, fat yield, protein yield, fat content, protein content, and an aggregate production trait (pINEL) basedon the French economic dairy index, were available to assess the links between the faecal microbiota andhost production. Our findings revealed a strong and significant association between the structure of thebacterial and prokaryote community (b-diversity) and dairy production. In addition, differential abun-dance analyses identified 48 genera whose abundances were significantly associated with pINEL, milk,fat and protein yield. Among these genera, the increased abundance of Bifidobacterium, and particularlyan amplicon sequence variant with a 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene region identical to B. globosum and B. pseu-dolongum, was found to be the most important for high-yielding animals. Bifidobacterium seemed to bea potential key member of the bovine faecal microbiota that should be further investigated.Conversely, the p-1088-a5 gut group genus was found more abundant in low-productive cows. In conclu-sion, this study demonstrates significant associations between the faecal microbiota and the performanceof dairy cows at the whole lactation scale. A better understanding of the physiology of the gut microbiotacould help to improve dairy cow production.
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