Comparison of mortality and outcomes of four respiratory viruses in the intensive care unit: a multicenter retrospective study

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Grangier, B. | Vacheron, C. H. | de Marignan, D. | Casalegno, J. S. | Couray-Targe, S. | Bestion, A. | Ader, F. | Richard, J. C. | Frobert, E. | Argaud, L. | Rimmelé, T. | Lukaszewicz, A. C. | Aubrun, F. | Dailler, F. | Fellahi, J. L. | Bohe, J. | Piriou, V. | Allaouchiche, B. | Friggeri, A. | Wallet, F.

Edité par CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -

International audience. This retrospective study aimed to compare the mortality and burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV group), SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19 group), non-H1N1 (Seasonal influenza group) and H1N1 influenza (H1N1 group) in adult patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) with respiratory failure. A total of 807 patients were included. Mortality was compared between the four following groups: RSV, COVID-19, seasonal influenza, and H1N1 groups. Patients in the RSV group had significantly more comorbidities than the other patients. At admission, patients in the COVID-19 group were significantly less severe than the others according to the simplified acute physiology score-2 (SAPS-II) and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores. Using competing risk regression, COVID-19 (sHR = 1.61; 95% CI 1.10; 2.36) and H1N1 (sHR = 1.87; 95% CI 1.20; 2.93) were associated with a statistically significant higher mortality while seasonal influenza was not (sHR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.65; 1.31), when compared to RSV. Despite occurring in more severe patients, RSV and seasonal influenza group appear to be associated with a more favorable outcome than COVID-19 and H1N1 groups.

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