Change in bacterial causes of community-acquired parapneumonic effusion and pleural empyema in children 6 years after 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation

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Madhi, Fouad | Levy, Corinne | Morin, Laurence | Minodier, Philippe | Dubos, Francois | Zenkhri, Ferielle | Dommergues, Marie-Aliette | Mezgueldi, Ellia | Levieux, Karine | Bechet, Stéphane | Varon, Emmanuelle | Cohen, Robert

Edité par CCSD ; Oxford University Press -

International audience. We describe here changes in the bacterial causes of pleural empyema before and after implementation of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) program in France (2009-2017). For 220 (39.3%) of 560 children, a bacterial cause was found. The frequency of pneumococcal infection decreased during the study from 79.1% in 2009 to 36.4% in 2017 (P < .001). Group A streptococcus is now the leading cause of documented empyema (45.5%).

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