Epigenetic regulation of fungal genes involved in plant colonization

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Soyer, Jessica L. | Fudal, Isabelle

Edité par CCSD ; springer -

International audience. Plant pathogenic fungi have a major impact on agriculture and human health and remarkable abilities to adapt to new conditions. Their adaptability relies, at least in part, on the fine-tune expression of genes involved in plant colonization. The massive sequencing of fungal genomes associated with transcriptomic data during plant infection highlighted that genes involved in plant colonization: i) exhibited sophisticated waves of expression and ii) were often enriched in particular regions of the fungal genomes (including repeat-rich regions, accessory chromosomes or sub-telomeric regions, heterochromatin). Their specific location suggests that an epigenetic control might be involved in the regulation of their expression. In this chapter, we provide a historical perspective on the tremendous work accumulated on chromatin organization and remodeling, and on recent data on genomes and epigenomes of plant-interacting fungi, which have refined our understanding of the impact of chromatin structure on the regulation of genes involved in host colonization. Then, we highlight how functional analyses have supported hypothesis of a chromatin-based control, associated to the action of specific transcription factor(s), of plant-associated genes. We conclude by outlining the next challenges to be addressed concerning the epigenetic regulation of fungal genes involved in plant colonization.

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