Syracuse

Biodiversity of Phytoplankton: Responses to Environmental Changes in Coastal Zones

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Hernandez Farinas, Tania | Bacher, Cedric

Edité par CCSD -

International audience. Changes to phytoplankton may affect the overall biomass, its diversity, the biogeographic distribution of species, their phenology or the functional diversity. This chapter first describes the ecology of phytoplankton, before examining the different studies that have assessed the changes in coastal zones with regard to anthropogenic pressures. Many studies focus on the relationship between the degradation of the habitat quality, the anthropogenic pressures and the loss of functions in these ecosystems. The chapter then clarifies how observation systems can help analyze the changes and structuring of phytoplankton communities. It describes the environmental variations linked to anthropogenic pressures that can cause phytoplankton to respond in terms of biomass, biodiversity, spatial distribution, phenology, or biological traits. In coastal zones, one concern is the greater input of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. This phenomenon results in a greater production of phytoplankton biomass and a loss of equilibria with regard to biodiversity.

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