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Seroepidemiological investigation on equine influenza in Algeria. Enquête séro-épidémiologique sur la grippe équine en Algérie
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Edité par CCSD ; Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse -
National audience. In order to determine the equine influenza seroprevalence in Algeria, 297 sera from not vaccinated horses stemming from the Algerian West (Tiaret region) and from the Algerian East (regions of El-Euma and Barika) were investigated using both an ELISA test and the inhibition of haemagglutination (IHA) test. With ELISA, 122 sera (41.1%), 84 (74.3%) by the kit Flu DETECT® and 38 (20.7%) from the kit ID Screen®, were seropositive against 164 (55.2%) by IHA H3N8/Russie/1983 strain, 86 (29.0%) for the H3N8/Miami/1963 strain and 5 (1.7%) for the subtype H7N7. The results obtained with ELISA are correlated with those obtained with the IHA test performed with H3N8/Russie/ 1983 strain. Differences in seropositivity rates for H3N8/Russie/1983 and H3N8/Miami/1963 strains by IHA suggest that horses have antibodies with improved affinity for the H3N8/Russie/1983 strain. The seroprevalence rates were significantly higher in old horses (above 10 years old) than in younger ones and in males Arabian thoroughbred horses than in females. Furthermore, a significantly increased susceptibility of Arabian thoroughbred horses compared to English thoroughbred and poorly represented breeds was noticed. The equine influenza virus (H3N8) seems to circulate among the equine population in Algeria, unlike virus subtype H7N7, like in the rest of the world, which does not seem to be present since the 5 sera found positive with IHA were from imported horses whose vaccination status was unknown.
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