Tocilizumab-treated convalescent COVID-19 patients retain the cross-neutralization potential against SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Chauvin, Camille | Levillayer, Laurine | Roumier, Mathilde | Nielly, Hubert | Roth, Claude | Karnam, Anupama | Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy | Bourgarit, Anne | Dubost, Clément | Bousquet, Aurore | Le Burel, Sébastien | Mestiri, Raphaële | Sene, Damien | Galland, Joris | Vasse, Marc | Groh, Matthieu | Le Marchand, Mathilde | Vassord-Dang, Camille | Gautier, Jean-François | Pham-Thi, Nhan | Verny, Christiane | Pitard, Bruno | Planchais, Cyril | Mouquet, Hugo | Paul, Richard, E. | Simon-Loriere, Etienne | Bayry, Jagadeesh | Gilardin, Laurent | Sakuntabhai, Anavaj

Edité par CCSD ; Elsevier -

International audience. Although tocilizumab treatment in severe and critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients has proven its efficacy at the clinical level, there is little evidence supporting the effect of short-term use of interleukin-6 receptor blocking therapy on the B cell sub-populations and the cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 variants in convalescent COVID-19 patients. We performed immunological profiling of 69 tocilizumab-treated and non-treated convalescent COVID-19 patients in total. We observed that SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG1 titers depended on disease severity but not on tocilizumab treatment. The plasma of both treated and non-treated patients infected with the ancestral variant exhibit strong neutralizing activity against the ancestral virus and the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2, whereas the Gamma and Omicron viruses were less sensitive to seroneutralization. Overall, we observed that, despite the clinical benefits of short-term tocilizumab therapy in modifying the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19 infections, there were no modifications in the robustness of B cell and IgG responses to Spike antigens.

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