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Epigenetic Differentiation of Natural Populations of Lilium bosniacum Associated with Contrasting Habitat Conditions
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Edité par CCSD ; Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution -
International audience. Epigenetic variation in natural populations with contrasting habitats might be an important element, in addition to the geneticvariation, in plant adaptation to environmental stress. Here, we assessed genetic, epigenetic, and cytogenetic structure of the threeLilium bosniacum populations growing on distinct habitats. One population was growing under habitual ecological conditions forthis species and the other two were growing under stress associated with high altitude and serpentine soil. Amplified fragmentlength polymorphism and methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism analyses revealed that the three populations did notdifferentiate genetically, but were clearly separated in three distinct clusters according to DNA methylation profiles. Principal coor-dinate analysis showed that overall epigenetic variation was closely related to habitat conditions. A new methylation-sensitiveamplification polymorphism scoring approach allowed identification of mainly unmethylated (/ST ¼ 0.190) and fully CpG methyl-ated (/ST ¼ 0.118) subepiloci playing a role in overall population differentiation, in comparison with hemimethylated sites(/ST ¼ 0.073). In addition, unusual rDNA repatterning and the presence of B chromosomes bearing 5S rDNA loci were recordedin the population growing on serpentine soil, suggesting dynamic chromosome rearrangements probably linked to global genomedemethylation, which might have reactivated some mobile elements. We discuss our results considering our earlier data on mor-phology and leaf anatomy of several L. bosniacum populations, and suggest a possible role of epigenetics as a key element inpopulation differentiation associated with environmental stress in these particular lily populations.
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