Discovery of 42 genome-wide significant loci associated with dyslexia
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Doust, Catherine | Fontanillas, Pierre | Eising, Else | Gordon, Scott, D | Wang, Zhengjun | Alagöz, Gökberk | Molz, Barbara | Aslibekyan, Stella | Auton, Adam | Babalola, Elizabeth | Bell, Robert, K | Bielenberg, Jessica | Bryc, Katarzyna | Bullis, Emily | Coker, Daniella | Partida, Gabriel Cuellar | Dhamija, Devika | Das, Sayantan | Elson, Sarah, L | Filshtein, Teresa | Fletez-Brant, Kipper | Freyman, Will | Gandhi, Pooja, M | Heilbron, Karl | Hicks, Barry | Hinds, David, A | Jewett, Ethan, M | Jiang, Yunxuan | Kukar, Katelyn | Lin, Keng-Han | Lowe, Maya | Mccreight, Jey | Mcintyre, Matthew, H | Micheletti, Steven, J | Moreno, Meghan, E | Mountain, Joanna, L | Nandakumar, Priyanka | Noblin, Elizabeth, S | O’connell, Jared | Petrakovitz, Aaron, A | Poznik, G. David | Schumacher, Morgan | Shastri, Anjali, J | Shelton, Janie, F | Shi, Jingchunzi | Shringarpure, Suyash | Tran, Vinh | Tung, Joyce, Y | Wang, Xin | Wang, Wei | Weldon, Catherine, H | Wilton, Peter | Hernandez, Alejandro | Wong, Corinna | Tchakouté, Christophe Toukam | Abbondanza, Filippo | Allegrini, Andrea, G | Andlauer, Till, F M | Barr, Cathy, L | Bernard, Manon | Blokland, Kirsten | Bonte, Milene | Boomsma, Dorret, I | Bourgeron, Thomas | Brandeis, Daniel | Carreiras, Manuel | Ceroni, Fabiola | Csépe, Valéria | Dale, Philip, S | de Jong, Peter, F | Démonet, Jean Francois | de Zeeuw, Eveline, L | Feng, Yu | Franken, Marie-Christine | Gerritse, Margot | Gialluisi, Alessandro | Guger, Sharon, L | Hayiou-Thomas, Marianna, E | Hernández-Cabrera, Juan | Hottenga, Jouke-Jan | Hulme, Charles | Jansen, Philip, R | Kere, Juha | Kerr, Elizabeth, N | Koomar, Tanner | Landerl, Karin | Leonard, Gabriel, T | Liao, Zhijie | Lovett, Maureen, W | Lyytinen, Heikki | Martinelli, Angela | Maurer, Urs | Michaelson, Jacob, J | Mirza-Schreiber, Nazanin | Moll, Kristina | Morgan, Angela, T | Müller-Myhsok, Bertram | Newbury, Dianne, F | Nöthen, Markus, M | Paus, Tomas | Pausova, Zdenka | Pennell, Craig, E | Plomin, Robert, J | Price, Kaitlyn, M | Ramus, Franck | Reilly, Sheena | Richer, Louis | Rimfeld, Kaili | Schulte-Körne, Gerd | Shapland, Chin Yang | Simpson, Nuala, H | Snowling, Margaret, J | Stein, John, F | Strug, Lisa, J | Tiemeier, Henning | Tomblin, J. Bruce | Truong, Dongnhu, T | van Bergen, Elsje | van der Schroeff, Marc, P | van Donkelaar, Marjolein | Verhoef, Ellen | Wang, Carol, A | Watkins, Kate, E | Whitehouse, Andrew, J O | Wigg, Karen, G | Wilkinson, Margaret | Zhu, Gu | Pourcain, Beate St | Francks, Clyde | Marioni, Riccardo, E | Zhao, Jingjing | Paracchini, Silvia | Talcott, Joel, B | Monaco, Anthony, P | Gruen, Jeffrey, R | Olson, Richard, K | Willcutt, Erik, G | Defries, John, C | Pennington, Bruce, F | Smith, Shelley, D | Wright, Margaret, J | Martin, Nicholas, G | Bates, Timothy, C | Fisher, Simon, E | Luciano, Michelle
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CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -
Auteurs : 23andMe Research Team*, Quantitative Trait Working Group of the GenLang Consortium*. International audience.
Reading and writing are crucial life skills but roughly one in ten children are affected by dyslexia, which can persist into adulthood. Family studies of dyslexia suggest heritability up to 70%, yet few convincing genetic markers have been found. Here we performed a genome-wide association study of 51,800 adults self-reporting a dyslexia diagnosis and 1,087,070 controls and identified 42 independent genome-wide significant loci: 15 in genes linked to cognitive ability/educational attainment, and 27 new and potentially more specific to dyslexia. We validated 23 loci (13 new) in independent cohorts of Chinese and European ancestry. Genetic etiology of dyslexia was similar between sexes, and genetic covariance with many traits was found, including ambidexterity, but n ot n eu ro an at omical measures of language-related circuitry. Dyslexia polygenic scores explained up to 6% of variance in reading traits, and might in future contribute to earlier identification and remediation of dyslexia. The ability to read is crucial for success at school and access to employment, information and health and social services, and is related to attained socioeconomic status 1. Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe reading difficulties, present in 5-17.5% of the population, depending on diagnostic criteria 2,3. It often involves impaired phonological processing (the decoding of sound units, or phonemes, within words) and frequently co-occurs with psychiatric and other developmental disorders 4 , especially attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
