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Molecular Aspects Concerning the Use of the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Target for Preventive Vaccines

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Valdes-Balbin, Yury | Santana-Mederos, Darielys | Paquet, Françoise | Fernandez, Sonsire | Climent, Yanet | Chiodo, Fabrizio | Rodríguez, Laura | Sanchez Ramirez, Belinda | Leon, Kalet | Hernandez, Tays | Castellanos-Serra, Lila | Garrido, Raine | Chen, Guang-Wu | Garcia-Rivera, Dagmar | Rivera, Daniel | Verez-Bencomo, Vicente

Edité par CCSD ; ACS Publications -

International audience. The development of recombinant COVID-19 vaccines has resulted from scientific progress made at an unprecedented speed during 2020. The recombinant spike glycoprotein monomer, its trimer, and its recombinant receptor-binding domain (RBD) induce a potent anti-RBD neutralizing antibody response in animals. In COVID-19 convalescent sera, there is a good correlation between the antibody response and potent neutralization. In this review, we summarize with a critical view the molecular aspects associated with the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 RBD with its receptor in human cells, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the epitopes involved in the neutralizing activity, and the impact of virus mutations thereof. Recent trends in RBD-based vaccines are analyzed, providing detailed insights into the role of antigen display and multivalence in the immune response of vaccines under development.

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