Diverging patterns of introgression from Schistosoma bovis across S. haematobium African lineages

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REY, Olivier | Toulza, Eve | Boissier, Jérôme | Chaparro, Cristian | Allienne, Jean-François | Kincaid-Smith, Julien | Mathieu-Bégné, Eglantine | Allan, Fiona | Rollinson, David | Webster, Bonnie

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International audience. CE35-0001) ANR (awarded to JB). The Schistosomiasis Collection at the Natural History Museum (SCAN) is part funded by the Wellcome Schistosoma species that can cause important public health and veterinary issues. In particular hybrids between Schistosoma haematobium and S. bovis associated with humans and animals respectively are frequently identified in Africa. Recent genomic evidence indicates that some S. haematobium populations show signatures of genomic introgression from S. bovis. Here we conducted a comparative genomic study to assess the genomic diversity within S. haematobium and S. bovis species and genetic differentation at the genome scale between these two sister species over the African continent. We also investigated traces of possible ancient introgression from one species to another. We found that S. haematobium display low genetic diversity compared to S. bovis. We also found that most S. haematobium samples harbor signature of past introgression with S. bovis at some genomic positions. Our results strongly suggest that introgression occurred long time ago and that such introgression is unidirectional from S. bovis within S. haematobium. Such introgresssion event(s) result in diverging patterns of genomic introgression across S. haematobium lineages.

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