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Effect of repetitive potassium iodide on thyroid and cardiovascular functions in elderly rats
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International audience. Background: To date, paediatric thyroid cancer has been the most severe health consequence of the Chernobylaccident, caused by radioactive iodine (131I) aerosol’s dispersion. WHO recommends a single dose of potassiumiodide (KI) to reduce this risk. Following the Fukushima accident, it became obvious that repetitive doses of KImay be necessary due to multiple exposures to 131I. Knowledge about the effects of repeated ITB (Iodine ThyroidBlocking) is scarce and controversial. KI may affect the thyroid hormones synthesis; which is crucial for thecardiovascular function. Furthermore, myocardial and vascular endothelial tissues are sensitizes to subtlechanges at the concentration of circulating pituitary and/or thyroid hormones.Objective: In this preclinical study, we aimed to assess the effects of repeated ITB in elderly male rats.Methods: Twelve months old male Wistar rats were subjected to either KI or saline solution for eight days. Analyses were performed 24 h and 30 days after the treatment discontinuation.Findings: We reported a significant increase (18%) in some urinary parameters related to renal function, a subtledecrease of plasma TSH level, a significant increase (379%) in renin and a significant decrease (50%) in aldosterone upon KI administration. At the molecular level, the expression of thyroid and cardiovascular genes wassignificantly affected by the treatment. However, in our experimental settlement, animal heart rate was notsignificantly affected thirty days after KI discontinuation. ECG patterns did not change after administration of KI,and arrhythmia was not observed in these conditions despite the PR-intervals decreased significantly. Cardiovascular physiology was preserved.Conclusion: Our results indicate that repeated ITB in elderly rats is characterized by molecular modifications ofcardiovascular key actors, particularly the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis with a preserved physiologicalhomeostasis. This new scientific evidence may be useful for the maturation of ITB guidelines especially forelderly sub-population.
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