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Alterations in rat adipose tissue transcriptome and proteome in response to prolonged fasting

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Ibrahim, Marianne | Ayoub, Daniel | Wasselin, Thierry | van Dorsselaer, Alain | Le Maho, Yvon | Raclot, Thierry | Bertile, Fabrice

Edité par CCSD ; De Gruyter -

International audience. Various pathophysiological situations of negative energy balance involve the intense depletion of body energy reserves. White adipose tissue is a central place to energy storage and a major endocrine organ. As a model of choice to better understand how the white adipose tissue dynamically responds to changes in substrate availability, we used the prolonged fasting paradigm, which is characterized by successive periods of stimulated (phase 2) and then reduced (phase 3) lipid mobilization/utilization. Using omics analyses, we report a regulatory transcriptional program in rat epididymal adipose tissue favoring lipolysis during phase 2 and repressing it during phase 3. Changes in gene expression levels of lipases, lipid droplet-associated factors, and the proteins involved in cAMP-dependent and cAMPindependent regulation of lipolysis were highlighted. The mRNA and circulating levels of adipose-secreted factors were consistent with the repression of insulin signalling during prolonged fasting. Other molecular responses are discussed, including the regulation of leptin and adiponectin levels, the specific changes reflecting an increased fibrinolysis and a possible protein catabolism-related energy saving mechanism in late fasting. Finally, few differences between internal and subcutaneous adipose tissues are also reported. These data provide a comprehensive molecular basis of adipose tissue responses when facing a major energetic challenge.

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