Sequencing of diverse mandarin, pummelo and orange genomes reveals complex history of admixture during citrus domestication

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Wu, G Albert | Prochnik, Simon | Jenkins, Jerry | Salse, Jérôme | Hellsten, Uffe | Murat, Florent | Perrier, Xavier | Ruiz, Manuel | Scalabrin, Simone | Terol, Javier | Takita, Marco Aurélio | Labadie, Karine | Poulain, Julie | Couloux, Arnaud | Jabbari, Kamel | Cattonaro, Federica | del Fabbro, Cristian | Pinosio, Sara | Zuccolo, Andrea | Chapman, Jarrod | Grimwood, Jane | Tadeo, Francisco | Estornell, Leandro | Muñoz-Sanz, Juan | Ibanez, Victoria | Herrero-Ortega, Amparo | Aleza, Pablo | Pérez-Pérez, Julián | Ramón, Daniel | Brunel, Dominique | François, Luro | Chen, Chunxian | Farmerie, William | Desany, Brian | Kodira, Chinnappa | Mohiuddin, Mohammed | Harkins, Tim | Fredrikson, Karin | Burns, Paul | Lomsadze, Alexandre | Borodovsky, Mark | Reforgiato, Giuseppe | Freitas-Astúa, Juliana | Quetier, Francis | Navarro, Luis | Roose, Mikeal | Wincker, Patrick | Schmutz, Jeremy | Morgante, Michèle | Machado, Marcos Antonio | Talon, Manuel | Jaillon, Olivier | Ollitrault, Patrick | Gmitter, Frederick | Rokhsar, Daniel

Edité par CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -

International audience. Cultivated citrus are selections from, or hybrids of, wild progenitor species whose identities and contributions to citrus domestication remain controversial. Here we sequence and compare citrus genomes-a high-quality reference haploid clementine genome and mandarin, pummelo, sweet-orange and sour-orange genomes- and show that cultivated types derive from two progenitor species. Although cultivated pummelos represent selections from one progenitor species, Citrus maxima, cultivated mandarins are introgressions of C. maxima into the ancestral mandarin species Citrus reticulata. The most widely cultivated citrus, sweet orange, is the offspring of previously admixed individuals, but sour orange is an F1 hybrid of pure C. maxima and C. reticulata parents, thus implying that wild mandarins were part of the early breeding germplasm. A Chinese wild 'mandarin' diverges substantially from C. reticulata, thus suggesting the possibility of other unrecognized wild citrus species. Understanding citrus phylogeny through genome analysis clarifies taxonomic relationships and facilitates sequence-directed genetic improvement. . 栽培されている柑橘類は、野生祖先種から選択されたもの、またはその交雑種であるが、その祖先種の正体、および柑橘類栽培化に対する寄与には依然として議論がある。今回、柑橘類ゲノム(クレメンタインの高精度標準ハプロイドゲノム、ならびにマンダリン、パメロ、スイートオレンジ、およびサワーオレンジのゲノム)の配列解読および比較を行ったところ、栽培種が2つの祖先種に由来することが明らかにされた。栽培パメロは単一祖先種 Citrus maxima から選択されたことがわかったが、栽培マンダリンは祖先マンダリン種 Citrus reticulata に C. maxima から遺伝子移入が行われたものであった。最も広く栽培されている柑橘類であるスイートオレンジは過去に混種した個体の子孫であるが、サワーオレンジは純粋な C. maxima と C. reticulata とのF1雑種であり、このことは、野生のマンダリンが初期の育種生殖系列の要素であったことを意味している。中国の野生「マンダリン」は C. reticulata とは大きく異なっており、別の未確認の野生柑橘種である可能性が示唆される。ゲノム解析で柑橘類の系統発生を理解することにより、分類学的な関係が解明され、配列本位の遺伝的改良が促進される。

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