A mating-type mutagenesis screen identifies a zinc-finger protein required for specific DNA excision events in Paramecium

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Bhullar, Simran | Denby Wilkes, Cyril | Arnaiz, Olivier | Nowacki, Mariusz | Sperling, Linda | Meyer, Eric

Edité par CCSD ; Oxford University Press -

International audience. In the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia, functional genes are reconstituted during development of the somatic macronucleus through the precise excision of similar to 45 000 single-copy Internal Eliminated Sequences (IESs), thought to be the degenerate remnants of ancient transposon insertions. Like introns, IESs are marked only by a weak consensus at their ends. How such a diverse set of sequences is faithfully recognized and precisely excised remains unclear: specialized small RNAs have been implicated, but in their absence up to similar to 60% of IESs are still correctly excised. To get further insight, we designed a mutagenesis screen based on the hypersensitivity of a specific excision event in the mtA gene, which determines mating types. Unlike most IES-containing genes, the active form of mtA is the unexcised one, allowing the recovery of hypomorphic alleles of essential IES recognition/excision factors. Such is the case of one mutation recovered in the Piwi gene PTIWI09, a key player in small RNA-mediated IES recognition. Another mutation identified a novel protein with a C2H2 zinc finger, mtGa, which is required for excision of a small subset of IESs characterized by enrichment in a 5-bp motif. The unexpected implication of a sequence-specific factor establishes a new paradigm for IES recognition and/or excision.

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