Syracuse

Worldwide phylogeography and history of wheat genetic diversity

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Balfourier, François | Bouchet, Sophie | Robert, Sandra | de Oliveira, Romain | Rimbert, Hélène | Kitt, Jonathan | Choulet, Frédéric | International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium, . | Breedwheat Consortium, . | Paux, Etienne

Edité par CCSD ; American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) -

Since its domestication in the Fertile Crescent similar to 8000 to 10,000 years ago, wheat has undergone a complex history of spread, adaptation, and selection. To get better insights into the wheat phylogeography and genetic diversity, we describe allele distribution through time using a set of 4506 landraces and cultivars originating from 105 different countries genotyped with a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array. Although the genetic structure of landraces is collinear to ancient human migration roads, we observe a reshuffling through time, related to breeding programs, with the appearance of new alleles enriched with structural variations that may be the signature of introgressions from wild relatives after 1960.

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