Facing global change. Facing global change: The millennium challenge for plant scientists

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Basso, Veronica | de Freitas Pereira, Maira | Maillard, François | Mallerman, Julieta | Mangeot-Peter, Lauralie | Zhang, Feng | Bonnot, Clémence

Edité par CCSD ; Wiley -

We entered the Anthropocene with the industrial revolution. This geological era is defined by the unprecedented impact of human activities on the planet's geochemical cycles, making us the main driving force of Earth environmental changes (Crutzen, 2002; Steffen et al., 2011). Since the middle of the twentieth century the human population has tripled, reaching seven billion today and probably 10 billion by 2050 (United Nations, 2015). This dramatic increase, associated with the improvement in the welfare of the population, has led to the overexploitation of natural resources. Intensive agriculture and industrialization has resulted in global warming, modification of nutrient cycles, pollution and reduction of wilderness; and endangering the preservation of eco‐ and agro‐systems (Tilman et al., 2002; Steffen et al., 2011; Ehrlich & Harte, 2015). Today, the challenge is not only to intensify agro‐productions to feed, fuel and shelter the growing population; but to do so in spite of the consequences of climate change while lessening our impact on the supporting ecosystems (Godfray et al., 2010; Ehrlich & Harte, 2015; Byrne et al., 2018).

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