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Diagnosis of Human Echinococcosis via Exhaled Breath Analysis: A Promise for Rapid Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases Caused by Helminths.
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Edité par CCSD ; Oxford University Press -
International audience. Background:Human echinococcosis is a neglected infectious disease affecting more than one million people globally. Its diagnosis is expensive and difficult because of lack of adequate resources in low-resource locations, where most cases occur.Methods:A group of volunteers diagnosed with the two main types of echinococcosis and corresponding control groups were recruited in hospitals from Tunisia (32 patients with cystic echinococcosis and 43 controls) and Poland (16 patients with alveolar echinococcosis and 8 controls). Breath samples were collected from all patients and analyzed by means of gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and a specifically developed electronic nose system.Results:The chemical analysis revealed two statistically different compounds in the breath of patients with cystic echinococcosis as compared to controls, and seven statistically different compounds in the breath of patients with alveolar echinococcosis as compared to controls. The discrimination accuracy achieved by the electronic nose system was 100% for cystic echinococcosis and 92.9% for alveolar echinococcosis, while the discrimination accuracy between these patient groups was 92.1%.Conclusion:Here we advocate a non-invasive, fast, easy-to-operate and non-expensive diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of human echinococcosis disease through exhaled breath analysis, suitable for early diagnosis and population screening.
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