Visuo-Oculomotor Deficiency at Early-Stage Idiopathic Scoliosis in Adolescent Girls

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Lion, Alexis | Haumont, Thierry | Gauchard, Gérôme | Wiener-Vacher, Sylvette | Lascombes, Pierre | Perrin, Philippe P.

Edité par CCSD ; Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins -

International audience. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) at onset is associated with oculomotor dysfunction and whether these oculomotor anomalies are correlated to the amplitude of the spine deformation.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:AIS is related to abnormalities of postural control. To date, few studies have focused on visuo-oculomotor and vestibulo-ocular functions at early-stage AIS.METHODS:Fifty-three adolescent girls were diagnosed with AIS (mean age: 11.6 ± 2.1 yr) on clinical and radiological criteria (mean Cobb angle: 14.8° ± 5.0°). Visuo-oculomotor and vestibulo-ocular functions were studied with video-oculography, including saccades, smooth pursuit, caloric test, and pendular rotation, with visual vestibular ocular reflex and vestibulo-ocular reflex sequences. Two patient groups were defined according to the mean Cobb angle: group 1 included 29 patients with a Cobb angle from 5° to 14° and group 2 included 24 patients with a Cobb angle from 15° to 25°.RESULTS:The group 2 showed different saccade characteristics than group 1: higher latencies for saccade sequences characterized by temporal uncertainty and predictive direction; lower velocity regardless of the type of the saccades. No difference was observed for saccadic accuracy and smooth-pursuit gain. For the visual vestibular ocular reflex, group 2 showed lower total maximal slow-phase velocity than group 1, whereas the vestibulo-ocular reflex (tested in dark) did not differ between groups. No difference was observed concerning the caloric vestibular test.CONCLUSION:Patients with a Cobb angle of 15° or more presented normal vestibulo-ocular responses but altered visuo-oculomotor functions, especially for the saccadic latency and velocity. This could be the result of a dysfunction of oculomotor pathways at cerebellar and/or brainstem level. These central disorders may be incriminated in the development of AIS.

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