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Promises and challenges for the implementation of computational medical imaging (radiomics) in oncology
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International audience. Medical image processing and analysis (also known as Radiomics) is arapidly growing discipline that maps digital medical images into quantitative data, with the end goal of generating imaging biomarkers asdecision support tools for clinical practice. The use of imaging data fromroutine clinical work-up has tremendous potential in improving cancer careby heightening understanding of tumor biology and aiding in theimplementation of precision medicine. As a noninvasive method ofassessing the tumor and its microenvironment in their entirety, radiomicsallows the evaluation and monitoring of tumor characteristics such astemporal and spatial heterogeneity. One can observe a rapid increase inthe number of computational medical imaging publications - milestonesthat have highlighted the utility of imaging biomarkers in oncology.Nevertheless, the use of radiomics as clinical biomarkers still necessitatesamelioration and standardization in order to achieve routine clinicaladoption. This Review addresses the critical issues to ensure the properdevelopment of radiomics as a biomarker and facilitate its implementationin clinical practice.
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