Bacteria isolated from lung modulate asthma susceptibility in mice

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Remot, Aude | Descamps, Delphyne | Noordine, Marie-Louise | Boukadiri, Abdelhak | Mathieu, Elliot | Robert, Véronique | Riffault, Sabine | Lambrecht, Bart | Langella, Philippe | Hammad, Hamida | Thomas, Muriel

Edité par CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -

International audience. Asthma is a chronic, non-curable, multifactorial disease with increasing incidence in industrialcountries. This study evaluates the direct contribution of lung microbial components in allergicasthma in mice. Germ-Free and Specific-Pathogen-Free mice display similar susceptibilities to HouseDust Mice-induced allergic asthma, indicating that the absence of bacteria confers no protection orincreased risk to aeroallergens. In early life, allergic asthma changes the pattern of lung microbiota,and lung bacteria reciprocally modulate aeroallergen responsiveness. Primo-colonizing cultivablestrains were screened for their immunoregulatory properties following their isolation from neonatallungs. Intranasal inoculation of lung bacteria influenced the outcome of allergic asthma development:the strain CNCM I 4970 exacerbated some asthma features whereas the pro-Th1 strain CNCM I 4969had protective effects. Thus, we confirm that appropriate bacterial lung stimuli during early life arecritical for susceptibility to allergic asthma in young adults

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