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Analysis of porcine MHC using microarrays
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Chantier qualité GA. The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in Mammals is one of the most gene denseregions of the genome and contains the polymorphic histocompatibility gene familiesknown to be involved in pathogen response and control of auto-immunity. The MHC is acomplex genetic system that provides an interesting model system to study genome expressionregulation and genetic diversity at the megabase scale. The pig MHC or SLA (SwineLeucocyte Antigen) complex spans 2.4 megabases and 151 loci have been annotated. Wewill review key results from previous RNA expression studies using microarrays containingprobes specific to annotated loci within SLA and in addition present novel data obtainedusing high-density tiling arrays encompassing the whole SLA complex. We have focusedon transcriptome modifications of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulatedwith a mixture of phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin known to activate B and Tcell proliferation. Our results show that numerous loci mapping to the SLA complex areaffected by the treatment. A general decreased level of expression for class I and II genesand an up-regulation of genes involved in peptide processing and transport were observed.Tiling array-based experiments contributed to refined gene annotations as presented forone SLA class I gene referred to as SLA-11. In conclusion, high-density tiling arrays can serveas an excellent tool to draw comprehensive transcription maps, and improve genome annotationsfor the SLA complex. We are currently studying their relevance to characterize SLAgenetic diversity in combination with high throughput next generation sequencing.
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