Assessment of the diffusion of AMR in aquatic environments: specificity of river fish farming

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Baron, Sandrine | Le Devendec, Laetitia | Jäckel, Claudia | Hammerl, Jens, Andre | Chauvin, Claire | Le Bouquin, Sophie

Edité par CCSD -

International audience. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now recognized as among the top 10 threats to global health, with current trends in resistant infections in humans and livestock pointing toward a potential postantibiotic era (Liguori, et al., 2022). The aquatic environment is considered as a hot spot for the dissemination of AMR, due to its direct link with the aquatic environment, the issue of monitoring AMR in aquaculture arises. According to Liguori and collaborators (2022), a fundamental stumbling block to the advancement of AMR monitoring of water environments is a lack of agreed upon targets and standardized methods, including a lack of benchmarking and threshold data to inform evolutionary, epidemiological, and other risk modeling efforts. AMR monitoring in aquaculture is concerned by the same problematics. Using trout fish farming as a case study, we will provide some answers to the following questions: Where? Fish farming depends on the quality of the water received. Sampling strategy should then include data collected upstream and downstream of the fish farming. What? What kind of samples water or/and biofilm or/and sediment? A sample should be easy collected and always available. Who? E. coli is a well-characterized bacterium used for the monitoring of AMR in humans and livestock (in national surveys, at the European level and elsewhere), as well as for the monitoring of water quality (as a fecal contamination indicator). Could E. coli be used? What alternatives can be offered? How? Currently AMR monitoring plans is based on culture depend methods and phenotypic criteria. Nevertheless, the use of genetic indicator or genomic approach are under progress.

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