Global distribution of Panton-Valentine leukocidin--positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 2006.

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Tristan, Anne | Bes, Michèle | Meugnier, Hélène | Lina, Gérard | Bozdogan, Bülent | Courvalin, Patrice | Reverdy, Marie-Elisabeth | Enright, Mark, C. | Vandenesch, François | Etienne, Jérôme

Edité par CCSD ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -

We determined the agr type, multilocus sequence type, protein A gene type (spa typing), toxin gene profile, and antimicrobial drug resistance profile of 469 isolates of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates (PVL-positive CA-MRSA). The isolates had been collected from around the world from 1999 through 2005 by the French National Reference Center for Staphylococci. We found that some continent-specific clones described in 2003, such as clone ST8, have now spread all over the world. Likewise, some PVL-positive CA-MRSA have spread to several countries on various continents. New clones have emerged (e.g., ST377) on new genetic backgrounds. PVL-positive CA-MRSA that were usually susceptible to most antistaphylococcal antimicrobial agents have acquired new resistance determinants (e.g., to gentamicin) in certain countries. The major trait shared by all these clones is a short staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec element of type IV or V.

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