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Acute thyroid hormone exposures in children: A French Poison Control Centers cohort study
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International audience. Purpose. - Thyroid hormones are involved in many metabolic and physiological processes, including basal metabolism, thermoregulation, and heart rate; however, there is little information on acute exposure in children, with only a few cases reports or small cases series being available. Our study was undertaken to provide more information about the epidemiological and clinical course of L-thyroxine poisoning in a large pediatric population. Methods. - This multicenter historical cohort study was conducted using data from the French Poison Control Centers on the acute ingestion of thyroid hormone in children (0-18 years of age) between January 2018, 1st and December 2020, 31st. Results. - Of the 2,321 files analyzed, 1,307 cases were included. Toddlers (1-4 years) accounted for 72.8% of the cases. Oral ingestion was unintentional in 96% of the cases. The medicine was from a relative in 97.5% of cases. Only 10 (0.8%) children were symptomatic. No symptoms were reported below a dose of 6.6 mu g/kg and some patients remained asymptomatic up to an alleged dose of 500 mu g/kg. The symptoms reported were minor, transitory, and limited to tremor, agitation, diarrhea, vomiting, and tachycardia. Conclusion. - Acute L-thyroxine poisoning in children was mainly accidental (unintentional) and has only a few benign symptoms. The clinical outcome is good even if the alleged ingested dose is massive (up to 500 mu g/kg). (c) 2024 Societe Franc,aise de Toxicologie Analytique. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
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