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LysM-RLK plays an ancestral symbiotic function in plants
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Summary To ensure their water and mineral nutrition, most land plants form arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) with soil-borne Glomeromycota fungi 1 . This ∼450 million years old symbiosis was key in driving land colonisation by plants 2 . In angiosperms, AM is thought to be initiated via the perception by the host plant of AM-fungi derived chito- and lipochito-oligosaccharides leading to the activation of a conserved signalling pathway referred to as the Common Symbiosis Pathway 3 . Genetics in legumes and monocots have demonstrated that members of the Lysin motif Receptor-Like Kinase (LysM-RLK) family are important for the perception of these AM-fungi derived molecules, although none of the LysM-RLK mutants or combination of mutants described to date fully abolish AM 4 . This discrepancy with the phenotypes observed for components of the CSP, which fail to host AM fungi, might be the result of genetic redundancy between the multiple LysM-RLK paralogs found in these species. In contrast to angiosperms, the liverwort Marchantia paleacea contains only four LysM-RLKs. In this study, we demonstrate the essential role of one LysM-RLK for AM in M. paleacea . Furthermore, we present evidence that Marchantia’s ability to respond to chito- or lipochito-oligosaccharides is not a predictor of its symbiotic ability, suggesting the existence of yet uncharacterized AM-fungi signals. Highlights The LysM-RLK LYKa is essential for arbuscular mycorrhiza in Marchantia paleacea The only LYR from Marchantia paleacea is not required for arbuscular mycorrhiza LYKa and LYR are both required for chito- and lipochito-oligosaccharide signalling Lipochito- and chito-oligosaccharide signalling is not essential for arbuscular mycorrhiza in Marchantia paleacea
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