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Occupational Benzene Exposure and Lung Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of 14 Case-Control Studies
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Edité par CCSD ; American Thoracic Society -
International audience. Rationale: Benzene has been classified as carcinogenic to humans, but there is limited evidence linking benzene exposure to lung cancer.Objectives: We aimed to examine the relationship between occupational benzene exposure and lung cancer.Methods: Subjects from 14 case-control studies across Europe and Canada were pooled. We used a quantitative job-exposure matrix to estimate benzene exposure. Logistic regression models assessed lung cancer risk across different exposure indices. We adjusted for smoking and five main occupational lung carcinogens and stratified analyses by smoking status and lung cancer subtypes.Measurements and main results: Analyses included 28048 subjects (12329 cases, 15719 controls). Lung cancer odds ratios ranged from 1.12 (95% CI: 1.03-1.22) to 1.32 (95% CI: 1.18-1.48) (Ptrend=0.002) for groups with the lowest and highest cumulative occupational exposure, respectively, compared to unexposed subjects. We observed an increasing trend of lung cancer with longer duration of exposure (Ptrend<0.001) and decreasing trend with longer time since last exposure (Ptrend=0.02). These effects were seen for all lung cancer subtypes, regardless of smoking status, and were not influenced by specific occupational groups, exposures, or studies.Conclusion: We found consistent and robust associations between different dimensions of occupational benzene exposure and lung cancer after adjusting for smoking and main occupational lung carcinogens. These associations were observed across different subgroups, including non-smokers. Our findings support the hypothesis that occupational benzene exposure increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Consequently, there is a need to revisit published epidemiological and molecular data on the pulmonary carcinogenicity of benzene.
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