Reduced Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Dose with Antithymocyte Globulin in Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Haploidentical Transplantation

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Duléry, Rémy | Malard, Florent | Brissot, Eolia | Banet, Anne | Sestili, Simona | Belhocine, Ramdane | Calabro, Martina | van de Wyngaert, Zoé | Bonnin, Agnès | Ledraa, Tounes | Legrand, Ollivier | Labopin, Myriam | Capderou, Elodie | Cohen, Ariel | Ederhy, Stéphane | Mohty, Mohamad

Edité par CCSD ; Nature Publishing Group -

International audience. Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) is effective for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, but it may cause dose-dependent toxicities, particularly in frail patients. Therefore, we compared the outcomes with a reduced PT-Cy total dose (70 mg/kg) to those with the standard PT-Cy dose (100 mg/kg) in haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) patients aged ≥65 years and those with cardiac comorbidities. All consecutive patients with a hematological malignancy receiving peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) after a thiotepa-based conditioning with low-dose antithymocyte globulin were included. Thirty-three patients received PT-Cy at 70 mg/kg and 25 at 100 mg/kg. PT-Cy dose reduction did not increase the risk of GVHD and was associated with faster neutrophil and platelet recovery and lower cumulative incidences of bacteremia (38% versus 72%, p=0.004) and cardiac complications (12% versus 44%, p=0.028). At 2 years, GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) was higher with the reduced dose compared to the standard dose (60% versus 33%, p=0.04). In conclusion, reducing PT-Cy total dose to 70 mg/kg is a safe and valid approach for elderly patients and those with cardiac comorbidities underdoing haploidentical HCT with PBSCs and low-dose antithymocyte globulin. The reduced PT-Cy dose was associated with improved hematological count recovery, lower incidence of toxicities, and higher GRFS.

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